ENGLISH IN CONTEXTINGLÊS EM CONTEXTO · A1
PAST SIMPLE / OVERVIEW
Use Past Simple to look back at events and situations in a past time. Describe what happened, how things were, and what people did regularly during that period.Use o Past Simple para falar de acontecimentos e situações em um tempo passado. Descreva o que aconteceu, como as coisas eram ou estavam e o que as pessoas faziam regularmente naquela época.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Choose a situation. All three belong to a past time.Escolha uma situação. As três pertencem a um tempo passado.
Yesterday’s meetingA reunião de ontem
A situation in a past period.Uma situação em um período passado.
The meeting was useful.The meeting was useful.
Describe how something was. The sentence does not tell us what is true today.Descreva como algo era ou estava. A frase não informa o que é verdade hoje.
YesterdayOntem
An event before now.Um acontecimento antes de agora.
We finished the project yesterday.We finished the project yesterday.
Report what happened.Conte o que aconteceu.
During childhoodDurante a infância
Repeated events inside a past period.Acontecimentos repetidos em um período passado.
I walked to school every day when I was a child.I walked to school every day when I was a child.
Describe what happened repeatedly during an earlier period.Descreva o que acontecia repetidamente em uma época anterior.
PAST SIMPLE / LOOKING-BACK
Past Simple places an event or situation in a past time. That time can be stated directly or understood from the conversation. It can describe something brief, a longer period, or repeated events.O Past Simple situa um acontecimento ou uma situação em um tempo passado. Esse tempo pode aparecer na frase ou ser entendido pelo contexto. Ele pode descrever algo breve, um período mais longo ou acontecimentos repetidos.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Select an event, a period, or repetition. The NOW marker stays fixed.Selecione um acontecimento, um período ou uma repetição. O marcador AGORA fica fixo.
YesterdayOntem
One event before now.Um acontecimento antes de agora.
She called yesterday.She called yesterday.
A single call happened yesterday.Uma ligação aconteceu ontem.
Three years in the pastTrês anos no passado
Past Simple does not mean a short action.Past Simple não significa uma ação curta.
We lived in Curitiba for three years.We lived in Curitiba for three years.
A longer situation can also be described in Past Simple.Uma situação mais longa também pode ser descrita no Past Simple.
That summerNaquele verão
Several events within a past period.Vários acontecimentos dentro de um período passado.
They visited their grandparents every Sunday that summer.They visited their grandparents every Sunday that summer.
These visits happened during a particular past summer.Essas visitas aconteceram durante um verão específico no passado.
Recent pastPassado recente
I checked my email a minute ago.I checked my email a minute ago.
Context already knownContexto já conhecido
How was the trip? It was great. We visited two museums.How was the trip? It was great. We visited two museums.
PAST SIMPLE / WAS-WERE
Use was and were to describe who someone was, where someone or something was, or how things were.Use was e were para descrever quem alguém era, onde alguém ou alguma coisa estava e como as coisas eram ou estavam.
BUILD THE STRUCTURECONSTRUA A ESTRUTURASelect a subject ↓Selecione um sujeito ↓
I was tired.I was tired.
She was at home.She was at home.
They were busy.They were busy.
| SUBJECTSUJEITO | VERB FORMFORMA VERBAL | EXAMPLEEXEMPLO |
|---|---|---|
| waswas | I was tired.I was tired. | |
| waswas | She was at home.She was at home. | |
| werewere | They were busy.They were busy. |
Be connects the subject to information.Be conecta o sujeito a uma informação.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Some situations change. Others can remain similar.Algumas situações mudam. Outras podem continuar parecidas.
I am at home.I am at home.
This describes the present location.Isso descreve a localização atual.
I was at the office yesterday.I was at the office yesterday.
This describes yesterday’s location.Isso descreve a localização de ontem.
They are ready.They are ready.
The group is ready now.O grupo está pronto agora.
They were ready at nine.They were ready at nine.
They were ready at nine, too. A past statement does not always imply a change.Eles também estavam prontos às nove. Uma frase no passado nem sempre implica mudança.
IdentityIdentidade
Marina was the project manager.Marina was the project manager.
DescriptionDescrição
The hotel was quiet.The hotel was quiet.
LocationLocalização
The documents were on the desk.The documents were on the desk.
| Existence in the pastExistência no passado | ExampleExemplo |
|---|---|
| One thing or uncountableUma coisa ou incontável | There was a problem. / There was some traffic.There was a problem. / There was some traffic. |
| More than oneMais de uma | There were two meetings.There were two meetings. |
PAST SIMPLE / BE-NEGATIVE-QUESTIONS
To make a negative, add not after was or were. To ask a question, put was or were before the subject. These patterns do not need did.Para fazer uma negativa, coloque not depois de was ou were. Para perguntar, coloque was ou were antes do sujeito. Essas estruturas não precisam de did.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Keep the situation and change what you want to say.Mantenha a situação e mude o que quer dizer.
She was busy.She was busy.
Was connects she to busy.Was conecta she a busy.
She wasn’t busy.She wasn’t busy.
Put not after was. Wasn’t is the contraction.Coloque not depois de was. Wasn’t é a contração.
Was she busy?Was she busy?
Move was before she.Coloque was antes de she.
| QuestionPergunta | YesSim | NoNão |
|---|---|---|
| Were you tired?Were you tired? | Yes, I was.Yes, I was. | No, I wasn’t.No, I wasn’t. |
| Was he at work?Was he at work? | Yes, he was.Yes, he was. | No, he wasn’t.No, he wasn’t. |
| Were they ready?Were they ready? | Yes, they were.Yes, they were. | No, they weren’t.No, they weren’t. |
LocationLocalização
Where was she?Where was she?
No problemSem problema
There wasn’t a problem.There wasn’t a problem.
No delaysSem atrasos
There weren’t any delays.There weren’t any delays.
A meetingUma reunião
Was there a meeting?Was there a meeting?
ProblemsProblemas
Were there any problems?Were there any problems?
PAST SIMPLE / OTHER-VERBS
With most other verbs, a positive Past Simple sentence uses the verb’s past form. Regular verbs usually end in -ed. Irregular verbs have forms you learn through examples.Com a maioria dos outros verbos, a frase afirmativa no Past Simple usa a forma passada do verbo. Os regulares geralmente terminam em -ed. Os irregulares têm formas que você aprende por meio de exemplos.
BUILD THE STRUCTURECONSTRUA A ESTRUTURASelect a subject ↓Selecione um sujeito ↓
Let the sentence unfoldRevele a frase aos poucos
I worked yesterday.
Let the sentence unfoldRevele a frase aos poucos
She worked yesterday.
Let the sentence unfoldRevele a frase aos poucos
They worked yesterday.
| SUBJECTSUJEITO | VERB FORMFORMA VERBAL | EXAMPLEEXEMPLO |
|---|---|---|
| workedworked | I worked yesterday.I worked yesterday. | |
| workedworked | She worked yesterday.She worked yesterday. | |
| workedworked | They worked yesterday.They worked yesterday. |
The ordinary past form stays the same across these subjects. Do not add a third-person -s.A forma passada comum permanece igual com esses sujeitos. Não acrescente o -s de terceira pessoa.
BUILD THE STRUCTURECONSTRUA A ESTRUTURASelect a subject ↓Selecione um sujeito ↓
Let the sentence unfoldRevele a frase aos poucos
I went home.
Let the sentence unfoldRevele a frase aos poucos
She went home.
Let the sentence unfoldRevele a frase aos poucos
They went home.
| SUBJECTSUJEITO | VERB FORMFORMA VERBAL | EXAMPLEEXEMPLO |
|---|---|---|
| wentwent | I went home.I went home. | |
| wentwent | She went home.She went home. | |
| wentwent | They went home.They went home. |
Be has its own was/were pattern.Be tem seu próprio padrão was/were.
| RegularRegular | IrregularIrregular |
|---|---|
| She called the client.She called the client. | She sent the proposal.She sent the proposal. |
| We watched a film.We watched a film. | We saw a film.We saw a film. |
PAST SIMPLE / REGULAR-VERBS
Regular verbs follow spelling patterns when we add the past ending. Select a word to inspect the change.Os verbos regulares seguem padrões de escrita quando acrescentamos a terminação do passado. Selecione uma palavra para observar a mudança.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Look at the letters that change.Observe as letras que mudam.
work → workedwork → worked
Usually add -ed.Geralmente, acrescente -ed.
live → livedlive → lived
Final e: add only d.E final: acrescente apenas d.
study → studiedstudy → studied
Consonant + y: change y to ied.Consoante + y: troque y por ied.
play → playedplay → played
Vowel + y: keep y and add ed.Vogal + y: mantenha y e acrescente ed.
stop → stoppedstop → stopped
Double p in this short consonant-vowel-consonant pattern.Dobre p neste padrão curto de consoante-vogal-consoante.
prefer → preferredprefer → preferred
The final syllable is stressed: double r.A sílaba final é tônica: dobre r.
visit → visitedvisit → visited
The final syllable is not stressed: do not double t.A sílaba final não é tônica: não dobre t.
fix → fixedfix → fixed
Do not double final x.Não dobre x final.
| PatternPadrão | ExamplesExemplos |
|---|---|
| Add -edAcrescente -ed | watch → watched; call → calledwatch → watched; call → called |
| Final e: add dE final: acrescente d | arrive → arrived; move → movedarrive → arrived; move → moved |
| Consonant + yConsoante + y | study → studied; try → triedstudy → studied; try → tried |
| Vowel + yVogal + y | play → played; enjoy → enjoyedplay → played; enjoy → enjoyed |
| Double in certain patternsDobre em certos padrões | stop → stopped; plan → plannedstop → stopped; plan → planned |
PAST SIMPLE / ED-SOUNDS
The written ending -ed has three common pronunciations. The sound depends on the final sound of the base verb, not simply its final letter.A terminação escrita -ed tem três pronúncias comuns. O som depende do último som do verbo original, e não apenas da última letra.
| SoundSom | AfterDepois de | ExamplesExemplos |
|---|---|---|
| /t//t/ | Voiceless sounds except /t/Sons surdos, exceto /t/ | worked, watched, helped, stoppedworked, watched, helped, stopped |
| /d//d/ | Vowels and voiced consonants except /d/Vogais e consoantes sonoras, exceto /d/ | played, cleaned, called, livedplayed, cleaned, called, lived |
| /ɪd//ɪd/ | /t/ or /d//t/ ou /d/ | wanted, started, needed, endedwanted, started, needed, ended |
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Choose a word. Listen only when you press a button, then repeat. Each dot is a syllable.Escolha uma palavra. Ouça ao pressionar um botão e repita. Cada ponto é uma sílaba.
StoppedParadoStarting audio…Iniciando áudio…PlayingReproduzindoAudio unavailableÁudio indisponível
English audio is unavailable in this browser. Use the sound guide and practise with your teacher.O áudio em inglês não está disponível neste navegador. Use o guia de sons e pratique com seu professor.
Device voice · the moving bars indicate playback.Voz do dispositivo · as barras indicam a reprodução.We worked late.We worked late.
The ending /t/ does not add a syllable.A terminação /t/ não acrescenta uma sílaba.
StoppedParadoStarting audio…Iniciando áudio…PlayingReproduzindoAudio unavailableÁudio indisponível
English audio is unavailable in this browser. Use the sound guide and practise with your teacher.O áudio em inglês não está disponível neste navegador. Use o guia de sons e pratique com seu professor.
Device voice · the moving bars indicate playback.Voz do dispositivo · as barras indicam a reprodução.We watched a film.We watched a film.
The ending /t/ does not add a syllable.A terminação /t/ não acrescenta uma sílaba.
StoppedParadoStarting audio…Iniciando áudio…PlayingReproduzindoAudio unavailableÁudio indisponível
English audio is unavailable in this browser. Use the sound guide and practise with your teacher.O áudio em inglês não está disponível neste navegador. Use o guia de sons e pratique com seu professor.
Device voice · the moving bars indicate playback.Voz do dispositivo · as barras indicam a reprodução.They played outside.They played outside.
The ending /d/ does not add a syllable.A terminação /d/ não acrescenta uma sílaba.
StoppedParadoStarting audio…Iniciando áudio…PlayingReproduzindoAudio unavailableÁudio indisponível
English audio is unavailable in this browser. Use the sound guide and practise with your teacher.O áudio em inglês não está disponível neste navegador. Use o guia de sons e pratique com seu professor.
Device voice · the moving bars indicate playback.Voz do dispositivo · as barras indicam a reprodução.She cleaned the kitchen.She cleaned the kitchen.
The ending /d/ does not add a syllable.A terminação /d/ não acrescenta uma sílaba.
StoppedParadoStarting audio…Iniciando áudio…PlayingReproduzindoAudio unavailableÁudio indisponível
English audio is unavailable in this browser. Use the sound guide and practise with your teacher.O áudio em inglês não está disponível neste navegador. Use o guia de sons e pratique com seu professor.
Device voice · the moving bars indicate playback.Voz do dispositivo · as barras indicam a reprodução.She wanted some help.She wanted some help.
The ending /ɪd/ adds a syllable.A terminação /ɪd/ acrescenta uma sílaba.
StoppedParadoStarting audio…Iniciando áudio…PlayingReproduzindoAudio unavailableÁudio indisponível
English audio is unavailable in this browser. Use the sound guide and practise with your teacher.O áudio em inglês não está disponível neste navegador. Use o guia de sons e pratique com seu professor.
Device voice · the moving bars indicate playback.Voz do dispositivo · as barras indicam a reprodução.We needed more time.We needed more time.
The ending /ɪd/ adds a syllable.A terminação /ɪd/ acrescenta uma sílaba.
PAST SIMPLE / IRREGULAR-VERBS
Irregular verbs do not follow the regular -ed pattern. Learn the past form together with a useful phrase or sentence. Select a verb, try to remember its past form, then open the answer below.Os verbos irregulares não seguem o padrão regular com -ed. Aprenda a forma passada junto com uma expressão ou frase útil. Selecione um verbo, tente lembrar seu passado e abra a resposta abaixo.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Select a verb and recall its past form. Open the answer to check, then close it to try again.Selecione um verbo e relembre seu passado. Abra a resposta para conferir e feche para tentar novamente.
We went to the beach.We went to the beach.
Movement context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: movimento. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
She came home early.She came home early.
Movement context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: movimento. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
I got home at six.I got home at six.
Movement context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: movimento. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
They left after lunch.They left after lunch.
Movement context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: movimento. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
I had lunch at home.I had lunch at home.
Everyday activities context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: atividades do dia a dia. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
He did the task.He did the task.
Everyday activities context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: atividades do dia a dia. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
She made dinner.She made dinner.
Everyday activities context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: atividades do dia a dia. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
We ate together.We ate together.
Everyday activities context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: atividades do dia a dia. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
We saw a film.We saw a film.
Experiences context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: experiências. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
They met a client.They met a client.
Experiences context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: experiências. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
We took a taxi.We took a taxi.
Experiences context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: experiências. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
She bought a laptop.She bought a laptop.
Experiences context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: experiências. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
He said hello.He said hello.
Communication context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: comunicação. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
I spoke to the client.I spoke to the client.
Communication context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: comunicação. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
He sent the invoice.He sent the invoice.
Communication context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: comunicação. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
She wrote an email.She wrote an email.
Communication context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: comunicação. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
She felt happy.She felt happy.
States and reading context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: estados e leitura. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
I knew the answer.I knew the answer.
States and reading context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: estados e leitura. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
He told a story.He told a story.
Communication context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: comunicação. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
I read the report yesterday.I read the report yesterday.
Reading context. Learn the word in a phrase.Contexto: leitura. Aprenda a palavra em uma expressão.
PAST SIMPLE / NEGATIVE
With ordinary verbs, use did not or didn’t, followed by the base form. The verb after didn’t does not stay in its past form.Com os outros verbos, use did not ou didn’t, seguido da forma base. O verbo depois de didn’t não permanece na forma passada.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Compare the positive form with the new intention.Compare a afirmativa com a nova intenção.
She worked.She worked.
The main verb carries the past form.O verbo principal está na forma passada.
She went.She went.
Went is the past of go.Went é o passado de go.
She didn’t work.She didn’t work.
Didn’t marks the past. Use work.Didn’t marca o passado. Use work.
She didn’t go.She didn’t go.
Didn’t marks the past. Went returns to go.Didn’t marca o passado. Went volta a go.
| PositiveAfirmativa | NegativeNegativa |
|---|---|
| I worked.I worked. | I didn’t work.I didn’t work. |
| She went.She went. | She didn’t go.She didn’t go. |
| They bought it.They bought it. | They didn’t buy it.They didn’t buy it. |
| We had a meeting.We had a meeting. | We didn’t have a meeting.We didn’t have a meeting. |
| He did the task.He did the task. | He didn’t do the task.He didn’t do the task. |
PAST SIMPLE / YES-NO-QUESTIONS
To ask a yes/no question with an ordinary verb, use Did + subject + base verb.Para fazer uma pergunta de sim ou não com um verbo comum, use Did + sujeito + forma base do verbo.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Compare the positive form with the new intention.Compare a afirmativa com a nova intenção.
She worked.She worked.
The main verb carries the past form.O verbo principal está na forma passada.
She went.She went.
Went is the past of go.Went é o passado de go.
Did she work?Did she work?
Did goes before the subject. Use work.Did vem antes do sujeito. Use work.
Did she go?Did she go?
Did marks the past. Went returns to go.Did marca o passado. Went volta a go.
| StatementAfirmação | QuestionPergunta |
|---|---|
| You worked yesterday.You worked yesterday. | Did you work yesterday?Did you work yesterday? |
| She bought the tickets.She bought the tickets. | Did she buy the tickets?Did she buy the tickets? |
| They had a meeting.They had a meeting. | Did they have a meeting?Did they have a meeting? |
| QuestionPergunta | YesSim | NoNão |
|---|---|---|
| Did you call?Did you call? | Yes, I did.Yes, I did. | No, I didn’t.No, I didn’t. |
| Did she arrive?Did she arrive? | Yes, she did.Yes, she did. | No, she didn’t.No, she didn’t. |
| Did they finish?Did they finish? | Yes, they did.Yes, they did. | No, they didn’t.No, they didn’t. |
PAST SIMPLE / INFORMATION-QUESTIONS
Place a question word before did to ask for specific information. Keep the main verb in its base form.Coloque uma palavra interrogativa antes de did para pedir uma informação específica. Mantenha o verbo principal na forma base.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Ana called Pedro yesterday. Choose what you want to ask about.Ana ligou para Pedro ontem. Escolha sobre o que quer perguntar.
Who called Pedro?Who called Pedro?
Who replaces the unknown subject. Use called.Who substitui o sujeito desconhecido. Use called.
Who did Ana call?Who did Ana call?
Ana is already the subject. Ask who received the call.Ana já é o sujeito. Pergunte quem recebeu a ligação.
When did Ana call Pedro?When did Ana call Pedro?
Ask when the call happened.Pergunte quando a ligação aconteceu.
| QuestionPergunta | Model answerResposta modelo |
|---|---|
| What did you do?What did you do? | I visited a friend.I visited a friend. |
| Where did they go?Where did they go? | They went to Recife.They went to Recife. |
| When did she arrive?When did she arrive? | She arrived at eight.She arrived at eight. |
| Why did he leave?Why did he leave? | He felt tired.He felt tired. |
| How did you get there?How did you get there? | I took a taxi.I took a taxi. |
| Who did you call?Who did you call? | I called my manager.I called my manager. |
PAST SIMPLE / BE-OR-DID
Choose the pattern from the verb you need. Be uses was/were. Most other verbs use their past form in positives and did in questions and negatives.Escolha a estrutura de acordo com o verbo necessário. Be usa was/were. A maioria dos outros verbos usa a forma passada nas afirmativas e did nas perguntas e negativas.
| MeaningSentido | PositiveAfirmativa | QuestionPergunta | NegativeNegativa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Location with beLocalização com be | She was at work.She was at work. | Was she at work?Was she at work? | She wasn’t at work.She wasn’t at work. |
| ActivityAtividade | She worked.She worked. | Did she work?Did she work? | She didn’t work.She didn’t work. |
| State with beEstado com be | She was tired.She was tired. | Was she tired?Was she tired? | She wasn’t tired.She wasn’t tired. |
| State with another verbEstado com outro verbo | She needed help.She needed help. | Did she need help?Did she need help? | She didn’t need help.She didn’t need help. |
| PossessionPosse | She had a car.She had a car. | Did she have a car?Did she have a car? | She didn’t have a car.She didn’t have a car. |
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Being busy and working are related, but the questions ask different things.Estar ocupado e trabalhar se relacionam, mas as perguntas pedem informações diferentes.
Were you busy?Were you busy?
Busy is an adjective. Choose were.Busy é um adjetivo. Escolha were.
Did you work?Did you work?
Work is the main verb. Choose did + work.Work é o verbo principal. Escolha did + work.
Did you need help?Did you need help?
A state does not automatically need be. Need uses did in this question.Um estado não exige be automaticamente. Need usa did nesta pergunta.
PAST SIMPLE / PAST-TIME
Time expressions help the listener locate an event. They can give a day, a date, a period, a duration, or a distance back from now.As expressões de tempo ajudam a localizar um acontecimento. Elas podem indicar um dia, uma data, um período, uma duração ou uma distância em relação ao momento atual.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Choose a time card. The positions illustrate the meaning, not a calendar scale.Escolha um cartão de tempo. As posições ilustram o sentido, não uma escala de calendário.
YesterdayOntem
A day before today.Um dia antes de hoje.
I called yesterday.I called yesterday.
A day before today.Um dia antes de hoje.
Last weekSemana passada
The week before the current one.A semana anterior à atual.
We finished the project last week.We finished the project last week.
The week before the current one.A semana anterior à atual.
Two days agoHá dois dias
Count backwards from now. Put ago after the amount of time.Conte para trás a partir de agora. Coloque ago depois da quantidade de tempo.
They arrived two days ago.They arrived two days ago.
Count backwards from now. Put ago after the amount of time.Conte para trás a partir de agora. Coloque ago depois da quantidade de tempo.
In 2020Em 2020
Use in with a year.Use in com um ano.
He started the course in 2020.He started the course in 2020.
Use in with a year.Use in com um ano.
For two hoursPor duas horas
For gives the duration, not a date.For informa a duração, não uma data.
I worked for two hours yesterday.I worked for two hours yesterday.
For gives the duration, not a date.For informa a duração, não uma data.
| ExpressionExpressão | ExampleExemplo |
|---|---|
| last nightlast night | We watched a film last night.We watched a film last night. |
| last monthlast month | She travelled last month.She travelled last month. |
| on Mondayon Monday | We met on Monday.We met on Monday. |
| at eightat eight | The meeting started at eight.The meeting started at eight. |
| when I was a childwhen I was a child | I played outside when I was a child.I played outside when I was a child. |
PAST SIMPLE / PAST-HABITS-STATES
Past Simple can describe what people did repeatedly during a past period, as well as states that were true then.O Past Simple também pode descrever o que as pessoas faziam repetidamente em uma época passada e estados que eram verdadeiros naquele momento.
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Select the past period and compare the meaning.Selecione o período passado e compare o sentido.
YesterdayOntem
One past occasion.Uma ocasião passada.
I worked yesterday.I worked yesterday.
One occasion: trabalhei.Uma ocasião: trabalhei.
My student yearsMeus anos de estudante
Several Saturdays in a past period.Vários sábados em um período passado.
I worked on Saturdays when I was a student.I worked on Saturdays when I was a student.
A routine in that period: trabalhava.Uma rotina naquela época: trabalhava.
| EnglishInglês | Natural PortuguesePortuguês natural |
|---|---|
| I worked yesterday.I worked yesterday. | Eu trabalhei ontem.Eu trabalhei ontem. |
| I worked on Saturdays when I was a student.I worked on Saturdays when I was a student. | Eu trabalhava aos sábados quando era estudante.Eu trabalhava aos sábados quando era estudante. |
| She was tired after the trip.She was tired after the trip. | Ela estava cansada depois da viagem.Ela estava cansada depois da viagem. |
| She was a teacher at that time.She was a teacher at that time. | Ela era professora naquela época.Ela era professora naquela época. |
| We visited our grandparents every Sunday.We visited our grandparents every Sunday. | Visitávamos nossos avós todos os domingos.Visitávamos nossos avós todos os domingos. |
PAST SIMPLE / STORY
A clear story helps the listener follow the events. Use a few time and linking expressions to show order, contrast, reasons, and results.Uma história clara ajuda o ouvinte a acompanhar os acontecimentos. Use expressões para mostrar ordem, contraste, motivos e resultados.
| FunctionFunção | Useful wordsPalavras úteis |
|---|---|
| StartComeçar | FirstFirst |
| ContinueContinuar | Then / After thatThen / After that |
| FinishConcluir | FinallyFinally |
| AddAcrescentar | andand |
| ContrastContrastar | butbut |
| ReasonMotivo | becausebecause |
| ResultResultado | soso |
EXPLORE THE MEANINGEXPLORE O SENTIDO
Use the times to arrange the cards. Earlier and Later work with mouse, touch and keyboard.Use os horários para ordenar os cartões. Antes e Depois funcionam com mouse, toque e teclado.
Then, we had lunch.
It started to rain, so we went home.
First, we took a bus to the beach.
The order matches the events. Tell the story aloud.A ordem corresponde aos acontecimentos. Conte a história em voz alta.
Read the times or sequence clues, then move a card.Leia os horários ou as pistas de sequência e mova um cartão.
First, we took a bus to the beach. Then, we had lunch. It started to rain, so we went home.
These times establish the order of this story.Os horários estabelecem a ordem desta história.
We corrected it and sent an update.
The client called in the morning.
I checked the order and found a mistake.
The order matches the events. Tell the story aloud.A ordem corresponde aos acontecimentos. Conte a história em voz alta.
Read the times or sequence clues, then move a card.Leia os horários ou as pistas de sequência e mova um cartão.
The client called in the morning. I checked the order and found a mistake. We corrected it and sent an update.
The call came before checking and correcting the order.A ligação veio antes de conferir e corrigir o pedido.
PAST SIMPLE / COMMON-MISTAKES
Use was with I.Use was com I.
Match the subject.Concorde com o sujeito.
Use go after didn’t.Use go depois de didn’t.
Use work after did.Use work depois de did.
Visited works directly in this ordinary active sentence.Visited funciona diretamente nesta frase ativa comum.
Tired needs were with you.Tired precisa de were com you.
The past of go is went.O passado de go é went.
Use Who called? in this neutral subject question.Use Who called? nesta pergunta neutra de sujeito.
If you mean two days before today, use ago. Before can be correct with another reference point.Se você quer dizer dois dias antes de hoje, use ago. Before pode ser correto com outro ponto de referência.
PAST SIMPLE / CONVERSATION
Use Past Simple to share what happened on a specific occasion, ask follow-up questions, and explain outcomes.Use o Past Simple para contar o que aconteceu em uma ocasião específica, fazer perguntas para continuar a conversa e explicar resultados.
Choose your replies and see how the conversation develops. Each reply is a valid choice.Escolha suas respostas e veja como a conversa se desenvolve. Todas as respostas são opções válidas.
Ask a friend about their weekend.Pergunte a um amigo sobre o fim de semana.
How was your weekend?Como foi seu fim de semana?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
It was good. I visited my sister.Foi bom. Visitei minha irmã.
It was quiet. I stayed at home.Foi tranquilo. Fiquei em casa.
Did you stay for dinner?Você ficou para jantar?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
Yes, I did. She made pasta.Sim. Ela fez macarrão.
No, I came home before dinner.Não, voltei para casa antes do jantar.
Did you watch anything?Você assistiu a alguma coisa?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
Yes, I watched a film.Sim, assisti a um filme.
No, I read a book.Não, li um livro.
Sounds like a nice weekend.Parece que foi um bom fim de semana.
Ask two more questions.Faça mais duas perguntas.
✓ Conversation complete. Try saying it aloud.Conversa concluída. Experimente falar em voz alta.
Ask about a hotel stay.Pergunte sobre uma estadia em hotel.
Where did you stay?Onde vocês ficaram?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
We stayed at a small hotel.Ficamos em um hotel pequeno.
We stayed with friends.Ficamos na casa de amigos.
Was it comfortable?Era confortável?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
Yes, it was, but the room was noisy.Sim, mas o quarto era barulhento.
Yes, it was. We slept very well.Sim. Dormimos muito bem.
Did you stay for the whole week?Vocês ficaram a semana toda?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
Yes, we stayed until Sunday.Sim, ficamos até domingo.
No, we left on Wednesday.Não, fomos embora na quarta-feira.
Thanks for telling me about it.Obrigada por me contar.
Describe the place and what happened.Descreva o lugar e o que aconteceu.
✓ Conversation complete. Try saying it aloud.Conversa concluída. Experimente falar em voz alta.
Discuss a client conversation.Converse sobre uma interação com um cliente.
Did you speak to the client?Você falou com o cliente?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
Yes, I did. I sent the proposal, too.Sim. Enviei a proposta também.
No, I sent an email instead.Não, enviei um e-mail.
What did they say?O que ele disse?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
They asked for more information.Pediu mais informações.
They accepted the proposal.Aceitaram a proposta.
Did they reply?Eles responderam?
Your turn · choose a replySua vez · escolha uma resposta
Yes, they asked for a meeting.Sim, pediram uma reunião.
No, they didn’t reply yesterday.Não, não responderam ontem.
Thanks. Let’s plan the next step.Obrigada. Vamos planejar o próximo passo.
Explain the action and the result.Explique a ação e o resultado.
✓ Conversation complete. Try saying it aloud.Conversa concluída. Experimente falar em voz alta.
Say where you were, how you felt, something you did and something you did not do.Diga onde estava, como se sentiu, algo que fez e algo que não fez.
I was at home. I felt tired. I cooked dinner. I didn’t watch TV.I was at home. I felt tired. I cooked dinner. I didn’t watch TV.
Ask about a trip or weekend, then ask two follow-up questions.Pergunte sobre uma viagem ou fim de semana e faça mais duas perguntas.
Where did you go? Was it busy?Where did you go? Was it busy?
Explain a situation, an action, a problem and a result.Explique uma situação, uma ação, um problema e um resultado.
A client called. I checked the details and found a mistake. We corrected it.A client called. I checked the details and found a mistake. We corrected it.
Use three events and at least two linking expressions.Use três acontecimentos e pelo menos duas expressões de ligação.
First, we arrived. Then, we had lunch. Finally, we went home.First, we arrived. Then, we had lunch. Finally, we went home.
PAST SIMPLE / FLOW
Start with the verb you need. Then choose your intention. Be and ordinary verbs use different patterns.Comece pelo verbo necessário. Depois escolha sua intenção. Be e os outros verbos usam estruturas diferentes.
Follow a thought to a sentenceSiga uma ideia até uma frase
Start with your meaning. Each choice narrows the structure you need.Comece pelo sentido. Cada escolha ajuda a definir a estrutura necessária.
Your structure is ready. Build its sentence below.Sua estrutura está pronta. Monte a frase abaixo.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Say how it wasDiga como estava
Be connects the subject to information.Be conecta o sujeito a uma informação.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Be connects the subject to information.Be conecta o sujeito a uma informação.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Deny it with beNegue com be
Put not after was or were.Coloque not depois de was ou were.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Put not after was or were.Coloque not depois de was ou were.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Ask with bePergunte com be
Move was or were before the subject.Coloque was ou were antes do sujeito.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Move was or were before the subject.Coloque was ou were antes do sujeito.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Regular positiveAfirmativa regular
Use the ordinary past form.Use a forma passada comum.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Use the ordinary past form.Use a forma passada comum.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Irregular positiveAfirmativa irregular
Went is the past form of go.Went é o passado de go.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Went is the past form of go.Went é o passado de go.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Didn’t + base verbDidn’t + forma base
Didn’t marks the past in this negative pattern.Didn’t marca o passado nesta negativa.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Didn’t marks the past in this negative pattern.Didn’t marca o passado nesta negativa.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Did + subject + base verbDid + sujeito + forma base
Keep the main verb in its base form.Mantenha o verbo principal na forma base.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Keep the main verb in its base form.Mantenha o verbo principal na forma base.
BUILD THE SENTENCEMONTE A FRASE · Ask who did itPergunte quem fez
Who is the subject. This neutral question does not add did.Who é o sujeito. Esta pergunta neutra não acrescenta did.
Build the sentenceMonte a frase
Tap or drag the chunks into order. Tap a chosen chunk to return it.Toque ou arraste os trechos para ordenar. Toque em um trecho escolhido para devolvê-lo.
Try another order. Use the structure and keep all the chunks.Tente outra ordem. Use a estrutura e mantenha todos os trechos.
Add every chunk before checking.Adicione todos os trechos antes de conferir.
Who is the subject. This neutral question does not add did.Who é o sujeito. Esta pergunta neutra não acrescenta did.
Subject questions such as Who called? and What happened? use the ordinary past form. The wider uses of Past Continuous, Present Perfect and used to belong to later topics.Perguntas de sujeito como Who called? e What happened? usam a forma passada comum. Os usos mais amplos de Past Continuous, Present Perfect e used to pertencem a tópicos posteriores.
Open Practice to load the exercises.Abra Prática para carregar os exercícios.